| Drug | Total patent applications | # Patents Issued | % Filed after FDA approval | Duration of patent protection | Patents filed in U.S. vs. Europe | Patents filed in U.S. vs. Japan | % Price increase 2014-2019 |
>10% Medicare annual price increase |
>5% Medicaid annual price increase |
Top 10 Medicare total spending (rank, part B or D) | Medicare spending per beneficiary | On U.S. market since | Generic / biosimilar approved by FDA (year) | Generic / biosimilar on the U.S. market since (year) | Company | Condition(s) Treated | Drug Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Humira | 257 | 130 | 90% | 39 | 3.3x | 4.1x | 69% | ✔ 17% | ✔ 16% | ✔ 6,D | $42,533 | 2002 | ✔ 2016 | – | AbbVie | Arthritis | Biologic |
| Eliquis | 49 | 31 | 37% | 33.8 | 2.7x | 3.1x | 58% | ✔ 18% | ✔ 8% | ✔ 1,D | $3,031 | 2012 | – | – | Pfizer/BMS | Stroke/Embolism | Small Molecule |
| Keytruda | 129 | 86 | 50% | 34.6 | 1.0x | 1.2x | 147% | ✔ 23% | – | ✔ 2,B | $51,104 | 2014 | – | – | Merck | Cancer | Biologic |
| Revlimid | 196 | 109 | 74% | 40.4 | 2.6x | 2.6x | 34% | ✔ 14% | ✔ 9% | ✔ 2,D | $103,028 | 2005 | – | – | BMS/Celgene | Multiple Myeloma | Small Molecule |
| Imbruvica | 165 | 88 | 55% | 29.2 | 3.6x | 3.9x | 42% | ✔ 19% | – | ✔ 9,D | $85,128 | 2013 | – | – | AbbVie | Cancer | Small Molecule |
| Opdivo | 84 | 44 | 70% | 35.1 | 2.2x | 2.0x | 167% | ✔ 19% | ✔ 26% | ✔ 3,B | $52,241 | 2014 | – | – | BMS | Cancer | Biologic |
| Eylea | 89 | 58 | 53% | 39.7 | 3.2x | 4.9x | 16% | – | – | ✔ 1,B | $10,648 | 2011 | – | – | Bayer/Regeneron | Macular Degeneration | Biologic |
| Avastin | 222 | 75 | 80% | 41.6 | 2.4x | 2.1x | 21% | – | – | ✔ 8,B | $4,517 | 2004 | ✔ 2017 | ✔ 2019 | Roche | Cancer | Biologic |
| Enbrel | 68 | 39 | 76% | 47.5 | 2.1x | 2.6x | 84% | ✔ 17% | ✔ 14% | – | $39,566 | 1998 | ✔ 2016 | – | Amgen | Arthritis | Biologic |
| Xarelto | 51 | 32 | 41% | 33.5 | 1.5x | 1.6x | 71% | ✔ 18% | ✔ 9% | ✔ 4,D | $3,197 | 2011 | – | – | Johnson&Johnson | Blood Clots | Small Molecule |
| Average | 131.0 | 69.2 | 62.6% | 37.5 | 2.5x | 2.8x | 70.9% | $39 | 2,008.4 |
Numbers in pink font indicate above the average for the 10 drugs
- Patent data as of August 2020
- Data on pricing changes from 2014-19 were obtained from IQVIA monthly NSP prices during that period. These represent total spending on prescription medicines from wholesaler transactions and include all on-invoice discounts, but no off-invoice discounts or rebates
- Data on prices and spending for Medicare and Medicaid were obtained from the CMS ‘Drug Spending Database’ and reflect data from 2014-2018
- Medicare price increases are based on average annual changes in the price per beneficiary from 2014 to 2018, and spending per beneficiary is for 2018. Spending rank is noted and respective for Part B or Part D, as of 2018
- Medicaid price increases are based on average changes in the price per claim over the period 2014-2018
- Humira and Humira Pen are combined and reflect the total for Medicare and Medicaid spending rank; annual price increases reflect the average of the two product sub-types